The Ecstasy Debate: Weighing The Good And The Bad :: Biology Essays Research Papers

The Ecstasy Debate Weighing The Good And The Bad Ever since its first synthesis 80 long time ago, the seemingly harmless nature of the do drugs ecstasy has been the subject of much debate. While many scientists are convinced that there is a darker side to the euphoria-inducing pill than meets the eye, the millions of users insist that no such danger exists. In fact, while I conducted my research on the subject, I discovered that to some extent, the users concept is true - ecstasy does seem to be distant less harmful than any of the other popularized drugs of the century. But why, then, in 1985 was this limitlessly pleasurable drug outlawed (1), with such a weak case against it? Is the scientific worlds excessively cautious attitude preventing us from experiencing a limitless pleasure unlike anything we have ever known? These were the questions I sought to have answered. 3,4 - Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or methylenedioxymethamphetamine as it has come to be called, is a psychoa ctive drug with a chemical structure similar to the stimulant methamphetamine and the hallucinogen mescaline, and demonstrates both psychoactive and stimulant effects (3). It was first synthesized by a German company in 1912 to be used to help develop more advanced healing(p) drugs (1). In the 1970s, methylenedioxymethamphetamine was used to facilitate psychotherapy by a group of therapists in the United States (5). Not until the 1980s and early 1990s did the drug gain worldwide popularity as the illicit ecstasy (5), the drug that would eventually stir a wave of excitement among young people everywhere. Ecstasy use, which adage its roots in the hippie generation of the 1970s, has since grown exponentially. Ecstasy tablets confiscated by the Drug Enforcement Administration increased from 13,342 in 1996 to 950,000 in 2000 (4). According to a sketch conducted by the University of Michigans Institute for Social Research in 1998, 4.3 percent of 8th graders, 7.3 percent of 10th graders , and 11 percent of 12th graders reported they had used MDMA at some point (4). However, by far the age group with the heaviest use (1.4 million Americans) of the drug was reported for those between 18 and 25 years of age (4). So much ecstasy is entering our country at present that the Customs Service has developed an ecstasy command center and is gentility dogs to sniff out the drug (2). What is it that lures so many people to experiment with ecstasy and tantalizes them to want more?

The Insanity Of Hamlet :: essays research papers

In William Shakespeare?s hamlet, crossroads leads an antic disposition that causes his downfall and leads him to insanity. His antic disposition affects his judgment, destroys relationships and creates a belief that he is truly mad. Throughout the play, critical point is consumed with anger which causes him to act through emotion and without reason. Hamlet?s main goal is to avenge the death of his father but, his actions to do so are hindered because of the unreasonable decisions he has made through the antic disposition he has put on. Hamlet?s antic disposition began with the death of his father. Hamlet returns to his home, Denmark, to find queen mole rat Hamlet, his father, dead. As any normal human being would be allowed to grieve, Hamlet was not. Hamlet was expected to accept the death of his father and move on. (Do not eer with thy vaild lids/Seek for thy noble father in the dust./Thou knowst tis common. All that lives must die,/Passing through nature to eternity.)(1.2.68- 73). Without the time to grieve, Hamlet was left with the call up of his mother?s and Claudius?s hurtful and unsympathetic words of advice. While Hamlet was forbidden to ?useless mourning? (We pray you, throw to earth/This unprevailing woe, and rally of us/As of a father.)(1.2.106-108), his mother quickly marries to his uncle Claudius and undoubtedly moves on with her life. In T.S. Eliot?s The Sacred Wood, Hamlet?s ?disgust envelops and exceeds her. It is thus a feeling which he cannot understand, he cannot objectify it, and it therefore remains to poison life and obstruct action.? With little time to grieve and a mother that seems to tuition less about her deceased husband, Hamlet?s mind was given the perfect recipe for insanity. In mid night, a mysterious nuance appears to Prince Hamlet in the shape of his 2father, King Hamlet. The strange and mystifying ghost guides Hamlet away from Horatio and Marcellus, as if wanting privacy. Hamlet becomes defensive and mad and believes his fate is to discover the ghost, ?My fate cries out/And makes each petty artery in this body/As hardy as the Nemean lions nerve./Still am I called.?Unhand me, gentlemen.?(1.4.86-89). Hamlet is determined to hear the words of the ghost and threatens Horatio and Marcellus to death if they do not let him go. Horatio and Marcellus follow him for his safety but believe ?He waxes desperate with imagination.?(1.4.92). The ghost is the first obvious sign that Hamlet?

Aesthetics Of Aging Essay -- Age Aging Visual

An Aesthetics Of AgingRecall, reader if eer in the mountains a mist hascaught you, with which you could not see exceptas moles do through skin Dante, Comedy1ARGUMENT THE RELEASE FROM THE BODILY egoMany recent studies on visual culture highlight the representation of the proboscis inphotography as a signifier of social constructions. photography however has always played animportant part in the construction of the subject, a perspective that I suggest in what follows,one that combines analytical concepts with aspects of the phenomenology of perception, indwelling for the understanding of art works and of our relation to them.By contrast with the overexpotiree of the dust in commercial photography,photographers in the art field today represent the personify as a visual metaphor for configurationsof interiority engaged in subject construction. Their pressure level on formal aspects (ofcomposition and technique) displaces the focus from the physical to the psychic body so as tocap ture unstable phenomena of change, of conflict in the subjects relation to time. In JoyceTennesons photographs ordinary referents are obliterated to loose space for other dimensions* This paper is an abridged and adapted transformation of a chapter in an unpublished manuscriptdevoted to photography, aging, and subject construction, entitled Touching Surfaces picture taking and the Fabric of the Subject, in Time1 This Dante fragment coming from Charles Singletons prose version of the Comedyseems to me evocative of the misty visual effect in Tennesons photographs, and also of herplacing the lens of the camera much like a mole through the skin, to look at the human bodyfrom an interstice, as it were, between the inside... ... accumulator registers Photography Magazine. June, 1987.FREUD, Sigmund. The Ego and the Id. The Standard Edition capital of the United Kingdom Hogarth Press & The embed od Psychoanalysis, 1953-1974, vol. XIX.GLISSANT, Edouard. Potique de la relation. Potique III. Paris Gallimard, 1990.GOLDBERG, Vicki. Unwritten Myths. tune-up to Transformations.MERRILL, James. Divine Poem, in Recitative. Prose by James Merrill. San FranciscoNorth Point Press, 1986.RICHIR, Marc. Le Corps. Essai sur lintriorit. Paris Hatier, 1993.WINNICOTT, D.W. Ego Distortion in Terms of authoritative and False Self, (1960). TheMaturational Process and Facilitating Environment Studies in the Theory of EmotionalDevelopment. London Hogarth Press & The Insititute of Psychoanalysis, 1965.WOLLHEIM, Richard. The Bodily Ego, The Mind and Its Depths. Cambridge, Mass.Harvard Univeristy Press, 1993.1011 Aesthetics Of Aging Essay -- Age Aging VisualAn Aesthetics Of AgingRecall, reader if ever in the mountains a mist hascaught you, through which you could not see exceptas moles do through skin Dante, Comedy1ARGUMENT THE RELEASE FROM THE BODILY EGOMany recent studies on visual culture highlight the representation of the body inphotography as a signifier of social co nstructions. Photography however has always played animportant part in the construction of the subject, a perspective that I suggest in what follows,one that combines analytical concepts with aspects of the phenomenology of perception,indispensable for the understanding of art works and of our relation to them.By contrast with the overexposure of the body in commercial photography,photographers in the art field today represent the body as a visual metaphor for configurationsof interiority engaged in subject construction. Their insistence on formal aspects (ofcomposition and technique) displaces the focus from the physical to the psychic body so as tocapture unstable phenomena of change, of conflict in the subjects relation to time. In JoyceTennesons photographs ordinary referents are obliterated to liberate space for other dimensions* This paper is an abridged and adapted version of a chapter in an unpublished manuscriptdevoted to photography, aging, and subject construction, entitl ed Touching SurfacesPhotography and the Fabric of the Subject, in Time1 This Dante fragment coming from Charles Singletons prose version of the Comedyseems to me evocative of the misty visual effect in Tennesons photographs, and also of herplacing the lens of the camera much like a mole through the skin, to look at the human bodyfrom an interstice, as it were, between the inside... ... Collectors Photography Magazine. June, 1987.FREUD, Sigmund. The Ego and the Id. The Standard Edition London Hogarth Press & TheInstitute od Psychoanalysis, 1953-1974, vol. XIX.GLISSANT, Edouard. Potique de la relation. Potique III. Paris Gallimard, 1990.GOLDBERG, Vicki. Unwritten Myths. Preface to Transformations.MERRILL, James. Divine Poem, in Recitative. Prose by James Merrill. San FranciscoNorth Point Press, 1986.RICHIR, Marc. Le Corps. Essai sur lintriorit. Paris Hatier, 1993.WINNICOTT, D.W. Ego Distortion in Terms of True and False Self, (1960). TheMaturational Process and Facilitating Environ ment Studies in the Theory of EmotionalDevelopment. London Hogarth Press & The Insititute of Psychoanalysis, 1965.WOLLHEIM, Richard. The Bodily Ego, The Mind and Its Depths. Cambridge, Mass.Harvard Univeristy Press, 1993.1011

Comparing Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience and Kings Letter From a Birming

Comparing Thoreaus Civil Disobedience and Martin Luther Kings earn From a Birmingham Jail The two essays, Civil Disobedience, by Henry David Thoreau, and Letter From a Birmingham Jail, by Martin Luther King, Jr., effectively illustrate the authors opinions of justice. Each author has his main point Thoreau, in dealing with justice as it relates to government, asks for not at at a time no government, but at once a better government. King contends that injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. Both essays offer a complete argument for justice, but, given the conditions, Kings essay ride outs more effective, in that its persuasive techniques have more practical application. Both essays extensively go for two emotional and ethical appeal to give their respective ideas validity. One persuasive technique that each author implements to support his ideas emotionally is the use of biblical allusion. However, in comparison, Kings use is stronger in that the tone of his all usions is more appealing to the referee. Kings allusions cause the reader to want take action against injustice, whereas Thoreaus are darker -- more likely to make the reader want to submit to and accept the injustices portrayed. For example, King, in his first biblical allusion, manages to draw glory into his struggle by comparing himself with the Apostle Paul, feeling compelled to carry the gospel of emancipation beyond my particular home town, just as Paul left his little village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to practically every critical point and city in the Graeco-Roman world.. . . This stirs admiration in the reader for King and adds relevance to his struggle. Later King discusses the history of his style of civil dis... ...ide . . .one does not remain inert to make way for the other, but both obey their own laws, and spring and grow and flourish as best they can, till one, perchance, overshadows and destroys the other. All triple of these comparisons , while being beneficial to the essays main idea, are too obscure and irrelevant to have any real persuasive power. Granted, both essays effectively implement both emotional and ethical appeal to the reader in order to be persuasive, and each, given the right conditions has the potential to be equally effective. But, given the conditions we are under, including the time frame, (Civil Disobedience was written over one hundred years before Letter From a Birmingham Jail) Kings essay, overall, features more of the characteristics, as hygienic as the accessibility to produce a higher level of comprehension and relevance for the reader.

Indian Frontier :: essays research papers

The Indian Frontier of the American West tells a story of the different Indian tribes and whites from 1846 to 1890. This period of time is very famous in American history. It produced some of the most widely heard of names in the battles between Indians and whites. These names include Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce tribe, Sitting Bull of the Oglala Sioux, Cochise, Geronimo, and Mangas Coloradas, and John Ross of the Cherokee Nation. These names are still very respected among historians and are seen throughout history books used in schools across the nation. These names were involved in many battles with whites in the essence of the nineteenth century. In this book, Robert Utley describes how many different Indian cultures survived between 1846 and 1890. Utley in any case spent some time in discussing how Americans felt about Indians. This book also talked about how the American government was run, and how they dealt with the different Indian cultures. This book had a couple of int eresting stories in it also. The dozens of cultures depicted in this book actually made it somewhat interesting to read. One story that I truly liked in the book was that of Yellow Wolf. Yellow Wolf was an extremely secure and wise Cheyenne Indian. He was a man that was known for his leadership in battles with the Utes, Pawnees, Kiowas, and Comanches. Yellow Wolf also played an important role in helping William solidifying, also known as Little White Man, as to where to set up his trading post along the river. After Bent had set up his fort, Yellow Wolf traveled there in the summer. He watched as tens of thousands of white men move in and through the Indian country. This made him worry about the future of his people, something no other Cheyenne leader would even consider for years. In discussing his fears with an army officer he talks of how his people and the buffalo are disappearing. He also says that his people will become extinct unless they change and adopt the habits of wh ite people. Yellow Wolf lived for xviii years amongst the white man. In his final year of his life, Yellow Wolf watched his worst fears come true. Through all of this, he continued to believe that the alone hope his people had was if they learned from the white man. On November 29, 1864, a white man from General Stephen Watts Kearneys army gunned down Yellow Wolf.

Indian Frontier :: essays research papers

The Indian Frontier of the American West tells a story of the different Indian tribes and whites from 1846 to 1890. This period of time is very famous in American history. It produced some of the most widely heard of name in the battles between Indians and whites. These names include Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce tribe, Sitting Bull of the Oglala Sioux, Cochise, Geronimo, and Mangas Coloradas, and John Ross of the Cherokee Nation. These names are still very respected among historians and are seen throughout history take fors used in schools across the nation. These names were involved in many battles with whites in the middle of the nineteenth century. In this concur, Robert Utley describes how many different Indian cultures survived between 1846 and 1890. Utley also spent some time in discussing how Americans felt about Indians. This book also talked about how the American government was run, and how they dealt with the different Indian cultures. This book had a couple of inter esting stories in it also. The dozens of cultures depicted in this book really made it somewhat interesting to read. One story that I truly liked in the book was that of Yellow beast. Yellow Wolf was an super strong and wise Cheyenne Indian. He was a man that was known for his leadership in battles with the Utes, Pawnees, Kiowas, and Comanches. Yellow Wolf also played an important graphic symbol in helping William Bent, also known as Little White Man, as to where to set up his trading post along the river. by and by Bent had set up his fort, Yellow Wolf traveled there in the summer. He watched as tens of thousands of white men move in and through the Indian country. This made him worry about the future of his people, something no other Cheyenne leader would even consider for years. In discussing his fears with an army officer he talks of how his people and the buffalo are disappearing. He also says that his people will become extinct unless they change and adopt the habits of wh ite people. Yellow Wolf lived for eighteen years amongst the white man. In his final year of his life, Yellow Wolf watched his worst fears come true. Through all of this, he continued to conceive that the only hope his people had was if they learned from the white man. On November 29, 1864, a white man from General Stephen Watts Kearneys army gunned down Yellow Wolf.

Neighborhoods and Crime

This hold, which consists of an examination of data gathered from the Project on Human Development in kale Neighborhoods, is aimed at gaining a complete picture of the likeness in Chicago. It is based on the spatial definition of neighborhood as a collection of race and institutions occupying a subsection of a larger community. The data gathered and the analysis based on such(prenominal)(prenominal) data are used to test the system that collective efficacy has a connection with reduced violence in neighborhoods. Collective efficacy refers to the social cohesion among people belonging to a neighborhood that is influenced by the willingness to act to promote the common good.The hypothesis was formulated based on the premise that crime rates vary in different neighborhoods, and such variation may be attributed to social and organizational characteristics extant in such social groupings. Moreover, it is assumed that there are factors at play otherwise than those attributed to demog raphic characteristics of individuals. The article also makes use of two concepts of efficacy, namely, individual efficacy and neighborhood efficacy. It suggests that these two constructs are related in their similar means of activation processes such as social control, which encourage people to act in protection of the neighborhoods well being.The question sought to be answered by the article revolves around the factors that influence collective efficacy. Again, this question has an assumption, which is that collective efficacy does not exist in a vacuum and is affected by sundry(a) factors such as political economy and various contexts.Using a five-item Likert-type scale, subjects of the study were asked various questions about the social interaction observed within the neighborhood, such as whether there is a general feeling of trust in favor of neighbors or whether there is a likelihood of intervention in genuine circumstances. On the other hand, violence was measured through questions about the frequency of occurrence of violent behavior and personal experience of violent incidents. Moreover, the survey measures were set with independent records of violent incidents.After extensive analysis and presentation of data, the article concludes that collective efficacy may be measured at the neighborhood stage, generally through the conduct of surveys. Moreover, neighborhood variation in collective efficacy is largely explained by three factors, namely, immigration concentration, concentrated disadvantage, and immigration concentration.In sum, the article was able to find data to prove its hypothesis that factors other than demographic characteristics of the individual residents of a neighborhood affect collective efficacy. Nevertheless, the article is quick to parentage that the study has inherent weaknesses, and suggests that further studies be conducted to explore other possibilities.

Adolescent Offender Essay

Lionel Tate, a fourteen course old Florida boy was sentenced to life during March 2001 for killing Tiffany Eunick, a six- year boy during a wrestling match which took place in 1999. Thus he was convicted of first degree murder as the killing was due to aggravated child abuse and he was sentenced to life without parole. His sentence was questioned by many critics and many wonder how the justice system allows to send a just fourteen year old boy to prison for life. The underlying question in the ongoing debate was that how a juvenile tolerate be awarded punishment analogous to their adult offenders. iAdolescent can be defined as the stage of life cycle from puberty to maturity ends at the age of majority. Adolescent thence refers to the change in physical system of a human leading to sexual maturity. Many adolescent teenagers without proper support factors can end in the cracks and may land in hostile world. Juvenile delinquency means antisocial attitude beyond the control of pare nts and result in crimes that is punishable with imprisonment. In other words, it is a criminal offense perpetrate by a minor.See more Analysis of Starbucks coffee company employees essayRolf Loeber has conducted research on delinquent paths or trajectories and recognized three discrete paths to a criminal career such as 1) the authority conflict piece of land 2) The convert pathway 3) The overt pathway He also recognise that disruptive appearance that starts from in early childhood with truancy ,lying , threat to animals . There were more than 600 murders that were committed by young people aged 12.Thus in the case of Lionel, it starts from early age of 12 and corroborates with Loeber finding under the overt pathway which escalated to militant acts beginning with aggression leading to violence i.e. murder.The Lionel may be of suffering from Problem behavior syndrome (PBS). People with these syndromes will resort to physical abuse, sensation seeking, and arrogance. Researches p ut out that delinquent possessed this inherent behavior from very early young age. Some had resorted to drug abuse and heavy drinking as early as at age of 10 or still younger. Thus the Rolf Loeber and David Farrington study reveals that early-onset offenders had a disruptive behavior with truancy, lying, cruelty to animals and theft.Thus the attitude of young offenders can be attributed when there is no adequate parental care, the environment of their brought up , inherent characteristics at birth and may also due to Problem behavior syndrome ( PBS)i Scott, Elizabeth S, Blaming Youth, Texas Law Review, Feb, 2003.Children Committing First Crime at Just 11. (2005, February 15). The Evening Standard (London, England), p. 16.

Questions Regarding Darwin’s Theory Essay

Darwins opening of intrinsic woof is revolutionary and he himself is aw atomic number 18 of the numerous difficulties that critiques skill throw at him. In his book, The Origin of the Species, he seekd these difficulties beginning with the question as to why on that point are often no intermediate or middle forms between species that are closely related. His answer to this is that the tough competition in nature combined with the small number of intermediate forms often conduct to their extinction. Only the well-adapted species survive in the wild, and so intermediate forms that dont make believe the most adaptive characteristics are easily wiped out from nature.One of the aboriginal ideas in Darwins system is that adaptive characteristics in animals are formed through time by numerous tiny modifications. He then be the question whether it is possible for an animal to acquire certain characteristics that dont fit its requirements for adaptation. He cited the regular(a)t that in most cases, animals have intermediate features that are adaptive to their takes. Thus, for example, flying squirrels may have evolved from guileless squirrels and bats may have evolved from flying lemurs (Wichler, 1961, p. 35).There are also invertebrates with very simple look that consist of nothing more(prenominal) than pigment-coated optic nerves. Animals with more complex eye structures could have evolved from these creatures with very simple eyes. Darwin stated that his theory could be debunked if it could be illustrated that there are complex organs in nature that did not develop through numerous slight modifications through time (Wichler, 1961, p. 55). He concluded that since he couldnt find such a case in nature, then his theory still was still true. Evolution does not only manifest in the physical characteristics of organisms, but also in their behavior.Darwin addressed the question of the development of complex behavior by discussing the behaviors of slave-mak ing ants and h geniusy bees that construct hexagonal cells in their hives. He explained that there is a wide range of patterns of behavior among different species. Ants that depend on slavery to survive may have evolved from ants that dont need such behavior to exist. Similarly, honey bees that make hexagonal cells in their hives may have evolved from honey bees that make circular cells in their hives to veer the use of wax.He concluded that the behaviors or instincts of organisms are not specially created, but rather result from the process of internal alternative where, in a population with varied behaviors, only the fittest survive and the unfit, perish (Wichler, 1961, p. 60). During Darwins time, the primary belief is that hybridization is not possible because species have features that prevented impregnable and viable hybrids from existing, which maintain the separation of species. Darwin argued that this was not the case, and that the difficulty of producing fertile and v iable hybrids differed from one species to another, especially among plant species.There are cases where what were believed to be completely different species resulted in fertile viable hybrids, and cases where organisms that were believed to be varieties under the same species couldnt easily produce hybrids. Darwin concluded that his theory of natural selection supported the idea that there are no fundamental differences between varieties and species (Arthur, 1987, p. 12). Supporting Research on Darwins Theory of Evolution Since Darwins time, a lot of progress has been made regarding his theory of evolution through natural selection.Today, biologists all over the world have synthesized the developments that were made for many years, resulting in the new synthesis of evolutionary theory. This synthesis draws ideas from the many branches of the discipline of biology, namely paleontology, ecology, morphology, botany, systematics, cytology, and genetic science (Arthur, 1987, p. 9). The new synthesis became possible because of the introduction of a reliable theoretical account of heredity, and the reconciliation of this model with models of natural selection accent gradual evolutionary modifications through time. Scientists accepted many facets of Darwins theory and rejected some.Thinkers like August Weismann and Alfred Russel Wallace advocated neo-Darwinism which heavily emphasizes natural selection as a tool of evolution. They rejected Darwins claim that acquired characteristics also play a part in evolution. Today, the core concept of neo-Darwinism is understood as natural selection driving evolution with variations generated by recombination and genetic mutation (Arthur, 1987, p. 32). The search for a reliable model of heredity consistent with Darwins theory of natural selection led to a long debate by proponents of two schools of though Mendelism and biometrics.Mendelians believed in Gregor Mendels research which was previously conceived to be incompatible with Darwins theory of natural selection. They believed that Mendels conclusions are compatible with saltationism however, which demonstrated evolution through jumps or big mutations. Karl Pearson and other biometrics opposed the Mendelians claiming empirical evidence pointed to the fact that variation was evidently eternal and not discrete in many organisms. Thus, Mendelism couldnt be combined with Darwins theory during that time, and the Mendelians and biometricians debated hotly for about 20 years (Arthur, 1987, p.40). Synthesis between Mendels and Darwins work only became possible through research conducted by RA Fisher, Sewall Wright and JBS Haldane. Fisher demonstrated how continuous variation observed by biometricians could result from the actions of several different genetic loci. Through this research, Fisher was able to establish that contrary to popular thinking, Mendelian genetics was consistent with Darwins idea of evolution through natural selection. JBS Haldane supp orted Fishers work by applying mathematical analyses to instances of natural selection in the veritable world.Haldane concluded that natural selection may work at a faster rate in the real world than Fisher assumed. Sewall Wrights work further facilitated the synthesis of evolutionary theory by demonstrating genetic drift through the interactions of genetic combinations and inbreeding in small isolated populations (Gould, 1979, p. 20). Work on evolution by field naturalists and population geneticists was synthesized by Theodosius Dobzhansky. In his work, Dobhansky showed that populations in the real world had more genetic variations than many population geneticists assumed.Dobzhansky demonstrated that Darwins natural selection maintained genetic diversity in the population and drove changes in the forms of species (Gould, 1979, p. 25). Dobzhanskys work was complemented by another researcher, Edmund Brisco Ford. Modern ecologic genetics draws heavily from Fords work that showed how natural selection worked in nature. Ford studied populations of wild moths and butterflies in nature, which verified Fishers predictions. Ford was also the first to define and describe genetic polymorphism and its role in human populations to provide protection against diseases (Williams, 2001, p.45). The correlation between variations in different populations and environmental factors like climate was first established by Bernhard Rensch, a German biologist. Renschs work influenced Ernst Mayr who emphasized the significance of the geographical isolation of sub-populations in evolution (Williams, 2001, p. 50). The modern or new synthesis of evolutionary theory was further explored by George Gaylord Simpson who showed that paleontology was compatible with evolution. Simpsons research was life-or-death because at that time, many paleontologists disagreed that natural selection was the driving force of evolution.Simpson explained how fossil records were consistent with the synthesiz ed theory of evolution which depicted evolution as having irregular branches, sooner of linear. Research on natural selection did not only focus on animals through the years. G Ledyard Stebbins, a botanist, contributed to the new synthesis by video display hybridizations effects in some types of plants. After the many advances made in the 1930s and 1940s, the new evolutionary synthesis was refined even further by the works of John Maynard Smith, George C. Williams, and WD Hamilton.These scientists took Darwins ideas and refocused them to a view of evolution that concentrated on the genetic level. Today, the new synthesis, with Darwins discovery of natural selection at its core, encompasses other scientific fields and concepts such as genetics and DNA. New discoveries like these allow Darwins concepts to be analyzed mathematically, producing vital information on selection, speciation, and altruism. Darwins theory is continuously being reviewed by evolutionary biologists today. One interpretation of the theory is by Richard Dawkins who asserted that the only real unit of selection is the gene.Dawkins also applied Darwins idea of the survival of the fittest to realms outside biology. For instance, he utilized the concept of natural selection to analyze pagan memes. Scientists and experts from different fields are continuously reviewing Darwins theory to explore its usefulness to biology and other disciplines. Conclusion Charles Darwins seminal work on evolution through natural selection is very important in understanding how species attained their physical forms and specialized behaviors in nature. It debunked the belief that the forms of species are constant because they are reflections in the mind of god.Instead, Darwin showed that species are forever changing through tiny modifications in their physical aspects and behavior through time. Darwin was also the first to explore the fact that there are no significant differences between variations and species. While many thinkers of the time believed that different species cannot produce hybrids because they have characteristics that prevented them from doing so, Darwin showed how the difficulty of hybridization differed from one species to another. Thus, the tiny differences in the forms and behaviors of organisms are the essential driving force of evolution.Darwins theory was not solid however because of the lack of a reliable model of genetics to aide his observations. For this reason, Darwin accepted Lamarcks view that acquired characteristics can also drive evolution. Darwin thought that the use and disuse of animals of their certain parts had effects on the evolution of a particular species. This flaw however, did not discredit Darwins more important observations on how natural selection drives evolution. The theory of natural selection is also important in understanding variations in organisms that exist today.Darwin was able to demonstrate how one species could have evolved from a nother to adapt to their environment. For instance, flying squirrels may have evolved from simple squirrels to get the food that they need to survive more easily. Complex structures of organs, such as a humans hand, for instance, could have developed from the simple hands of a creature which other primates share ancestry with. Today, the concept of the survival of the fittest is not only important in the field of evolutionary biology but also in other disciplines, such as social theory and economics.Scientists today are continuously exploring Darwins ideas to develop more sound concepts. These concepts should be helpful in understanding how nature works and how humans might respond to its mechanisms. Humans can base agricultural and preservation practices on the many facets of Darwins theory to produce useful results in the real world. Evolution today is continuously happening and Darwins theory is a vital scientific tool to understand this process and apply it to real-world problem s.ReferencesArthur, W. (1987). Theories of Life Darwin, Mendel, and Beyond. capital of the United Kingdom Penguin Books. Cuvier, G., et al. (2003). The Evolution Debate, 1813-1870. London Routledge. Darwin, C. , et al. (1996). On evolution the development of the theory of natural selection. Indianapolis Hackett Publishing. Endler, J. & A. Endler . (1986). Natural Selection in the Wild. New Jersey Princeton University Press. Gould, S. J. (1979). Ever Since Darwin Reflections in Natural History. New York Norton Wichler, G.. (1961). Charles Darwin the founder of the theory of evolution and natural selection. London Pergamon Press. Williams, G. C. (2001). Adaptation and Natural Selection. New Jersey Princeton University Press.

Explain the process of counseling in detail

The initial interrogate describes the first contact with the leaf node who is the individual in learn of counselling. It completes the intake process, a sort of admission of the client into the formalities of counselling. Importance of the Initial Interview The initial interview is of much importance for several reasons 1) It helps the counseling get to know the client better, and make appropriate plan for intervention.These plans include taking up the client for counselling or referring the client to another, appropriate, treatment service. 2) It helps the client to get to know the proponent etter, and to obtain reassurance and even crisis support, when necessary. 3) It affords the counselor-at-law the opportunity to explain the nature and goals of counselling, and to agree upon the practical arrangements for counselling with the client. In short, the initial interview will help the client and the counsellor to begin the process of interpreting and accepting one another.The initial interview normally should proceed along the hobby lines 1) Statement of the problem in clear, unambiguous terms 2) Systematic evaluation of the problem, its causes and its effects 3) Identification of circularity 4) Feedback to the client 5) Evaluation of the clients motivation for counselling 6) light of expectations 7) Setting of goals 8) Establishing a contract 9) Making the practical arrangements for counselling. Let us examine each of these steps that will enable us to actually understand the process involved.Statement of the problem in Clear, Unambiguous Terms More frequently, their thoughts ar muddled, and heavily laden with emotional content. Clients do not say, l am ardent, or l am depressed. Instead, they frequently commence with an account of what happened, where and when and how. Often, a client comes for counselling because he has been compelled to do so by a family member, friend, or well-wisher. Such clients are, more often than not, unlikely to cooperate whole-heartedly with counselling.Clients sometimes curb difficulties in complying with the practical arrangements for counselling for example, they may reside too far-off away, or may not be able to obtain leave from work. A greater problem, however, is that many clients are un instinctive to make the personal or life-style changes that are necessary if they are to benefit from counselling. For . example, a husband, ho is convinced that all his problems originate in his wifes behaviour, may not be willing to accept that he is responsible in many ways for them, and that he needs to make certain changes in his attitudes and behaviour if his marriage is to survive.Or, while a drug addict may realize that his addiction is ruining his life, he may not be willing to give up the company of the friends who are encouraging him in his deviant habits. It is important that the client realizes that the counsellor can only facilitate change the client must make the primary effort. break of ser ve maladaptative habits is difficult. Making life-style changes is difficult. The client must be willing to make the necessary efforts with the guidance of the counsellor. It is important, for several reasons, to assess motivations that led the client to seek counselling.If the counsellor understands that the client is poorly motivated for counselling, he can provide an appropriate feedback to the client. Then, in consultation with the client, he can arrive at a mulish decision concerning whether or not to proceed with counselling. If a client shows poor motivation and the counsellor decides not to go ahead with counselling, he saves for himself, and his client, a kitty oftime. He also saves himself a lot of heartburn had he proceeded with therapy, and had the client shown poor progress, he would in all likelihood have blamed himself, or questioned his competence.If a client shows poor motivation and the counsellor does decide to proceed with therapy, he would probably set far mor e modest goals than he would have had the client been more motivated. It may be noted here that the evaluation of motivation is an ongoing process. A client may begin counselling sky-high but may later weaken his resolve when he realizes what behavioural changes are necessary. Clarification of Expectations The counsellor needs to find out what the client expects from counselling.Some clients operate to believe that once they tell the counsellor their problems, it is the counsellors responsibility (and not their own) to fmd the solutions. Some clients believe that the counsellor will magically work out solutions for problems that have existed for years. The counsellor should, right from the early stages of counselling, put his client on guard against unreasonable expectations, such as expectations of dramatic cures, total cures, one-sided compromises, etc. From a practical perspective, t is imperative to ascertain what the client believes will occur during counselling.Some clients b elieve that the counsellor will put them on a couch and psychoanalyze them. new(prenominal) clients believe that the counsellor will ask questions about their childhood. Doubts, misconceptions and myths that clients come with should, General goals of counselling are to reduce emotional distress, to reduce dysfunctional behaviour, to promote adaptation, to fracture potentials, and to assist in decision-making. After obtaining a general understanding of the clients problems and expectations, specific goals of therapy need to be set.The counsellor needs to guide the client in the desktop of specific goals because the client is quite likely to be uncertain of what may be expected from counselling. Such goals are best explicitly state as specific emotional and behavioural changes that are acceptable and desirable to the client and to society. Thus, an ethical element exists in all goal- setting exercises. It is important to break shine important goals into their logical sub- compone nts or sub-goals, which, by virtue of such identification, are more easily tackled.For example, when engaging in marital counselling, goals may be stated as follows 1) Mrs. A should feel less depressed. 2) Mr. & Mrs. A should improve their understanding and cooperation on the following issues a) Disciplining of their children b) Distribution of household responsibilities c) Sex d) Relationship with the in-laws etc. Stating goals in such a specific manner may generate a long, laundry-like list however, there is no bar to the number of goals as long as all the goals are specific, clearly defined, reasonable, and attainable.

Emotion and Culture Paper

Emotion and Culture Paper Kerry Rogers PS2000 Intro to Psychology Professor Eva Owen display 20, 2013 Evaluating the culture-specific and culturally ordinary aspects of emotional expression. Also, evaluate how this is related to evolutionary psychology. Be sure to discuss how you would integrate this with a Christian worldview. Culture-specific or culturally universal expressions dominate the lifestyle of very culture on every nation on earth.And language is not as much of a bearer as one might think. Now lets look at the word culture to get a deeper understanding of the meaning. The word culture has many different meanings let me give you some examples For some it means, a appreciation of good food, or literature or music and yes even art. Which for some is an enquired taste. Many agrees assume been scripted on the subject, so we are never for a lac of understanding. For news of the heart, ask the face. As people of differing cultures and races, do our faces speak differing lang uages? Which face expresses disgust? Anger? timidity? or Happiness? Sadness? Surprise? Those are just some of the question asked by very culture. From a psychological aspect researchers have put that happy people tend to have high self-esteem. People also tend to be optimistic, outgoing, and agreeable. They have close friendships and more satisfying marriages. And more significantly they have a more active faith.However happiness seems not much related to other factors such as Age, gender, parenthood and physical attractiveness. A wealthiness of studies has revealed another curious correlation, called the faith factor. Religiously active people tend to live longer than those who are not religiously active. Health and other factors have an affect on our lifes outcome. I am not sure how culture and psychology work into a Christian worldview, but I do know that God does affect very culture and aspect of very human life that was born or will be born.Whether you moot that God is your creator or not does not negate from the truth. Evolution is a theory and a lie that came from human evolutionary lies that have been turn over down for the past two hundred years. While Christianity, has been around since the beginning of time. You want more proof all you have to do is read the book, the book that has been reprinted and read more than any other book. Christianity is full of culture and life stories that give history like no other lifestyle known by man.

Native Son: analysis of rhetorical strategies Essay

Max concludes his argument for Biggers life with a speech in a final attempt to bias people to see the greater good in letting him live. His purpose is to convince that public as well as the judge that Biggers violent nature is spawned from the oppressive participation that keeps him and other African Americans in constant fear and poverty. He carry throughs success in articulating his points by employing various rhetorical strategies similes, cause and effect, and comparison.The speech is punctuated with similes. He uses them to relate Bigger and society to other parts of life. The complex forces of society have isolated here for us a symbol, a test symbol. The prejudices of men have stained this symbol, like a germ stained for examination under the microscope. This simile shows how the white public looks overcome upon the African American population as a germ or plague of society, under constant interrogation and examination. Max extends this simile by relating society to a sic k social organism.He describes the new form of life, the African American oppressed as like a bay window growing from under a stone, which expresses the immense burden of the white public. Max also illustrates the African American lifestyle as gliding by dint of our complex civilization like wailing ghosts they spin like fiery planets lost from their orbits they wither and die like trees ripped from native soil. This shows the aura of distress and badness of the African Americans.Max tries to explain that Bigger is the product of a racially oppressive society in which all African Americans must live by using the strategy of cause and effect. What Bigger did was but a tiny aspect of what he had been doing all his life long He was living, only as he knew how, and as we have forced him to live. He describes Biggers offenses as results of their own actions. In reference to the hardships that the white society consciously forces upon the African American population, Max states We know this evidence for we helped create it. After stating all the oppressive and dominative actions taken upon the African American society, he speaks of the murders as being provable end products, which should have been expected. We planned the murder or Mary Dalton.In order for Max to eliminate the obvious racial bias that was present in the minds of the public, he employs comparison. He highlights the fact that because he is black, his crimes are completely indefensible and horrible. Max dismisses Biggers villainous persona by comparing him to the freedom-fighting patriots that founded America. These twelve million Negroes, conditioned broadly by our own notions as we were by European ones when we first came here, are struggling within unbelievably narrow limits to achieve that feeling of at-home-ness for which we once strove so ardently.Maxs speech combines the rhetorical strategies of similes, cause and effect, and comparison to convey his views on racial maltreatment and persecut ion. He in effect illustrates the very parts of society that caused Biggers actions, and makes an notably moving case for Biggers life.

Food and Beverage Industry Essay

Around the time of A. D 850 legend has it that a lone shepherd and his folding happened upon a strange new plant that was growth upon the slopes of lonely hillside. Before the shepherd could intervene some of his herd had started to chomp a trend at this newly discovered delicacy. After about a quarter of an hour the shepherd began to nonice that the entire flock were acting in an extremely lively manner. They appeared to be not only very alert merely even hyperactive. Now the shepherd being slightly weary and more than a little well-worn decided that he besides should sample the berries and see what, if any effect they would have on him.He secretly hoped that the dramatic effect that he had observed the berries to have on his greedy flock of sheep would also be his experience. Just as had happened with his herd, he too started to feel the benefits and in a matter of proceeding he also pardon the pun was ? extremely full of beans?. A few hours passed and along came a wandering monk. The drover proceeded to tell him of the plants amazing qualities but he was immediately scolded for his outlandish ways and foolhardy behaviour.After he had finished telling the shepherd just what a sinner he had been the monk went on his way but not before he had hidden a little something in his bottom of his backpack. When the monk reached his monastery his fellow holy men also decided to try this new and enchanting beverage. Soon the never-failing hours of prayer no longer seemed so wearisome, in fact they became easy to endure with the help of this evoke new drink. Coffee, had now well and truly arrived and the news began to spread Its widespread consumption first commenced in the wilds of the Ethiopian outlands before then moving on to the heart of Arabia .Here it was to be held as a holy delicacy but was eventu in ally to be unlawfully exported by a trader by the name of Baba Budan. In no time at all word of its qualities began to spread and coffee was to take on int o one of the most valued drinks ever known to the human civilisation. Its hard to believe that each twelvemonth we consume a staggering four billion cups and there are many among us who would not contemplate starting their day without it. Although coffee is usually thought of as a sleep appetite suppressant there are many who think that it also has many health benefits.It is said that folk who wear from the complaint of asthma and drink coffee have an average of at least 25% little symptoms due to a substance in the coffee named theophylline. This is known to be a bronchodilator which helps those who suffer with the disease to breathe a little more soft. Drinking coffee on a daily reason is also thought to help lower your chances of developing colon cancer. This is also by a systema skele report in the region of about twenty five percent. Aside from the benefits that have been mentioned above, it has to be said that merely enjoying coffee as a beverage is a delight that will ne ver be easily surpassed.The unbelievable thing is that most people have no idea of the different tastes and delights that this monarch of all drinks has to offer. One of the fastest growing trends of the past few years has to be the rising popularity of obtaining coffee via the meshwork. never before has it been so easy to sample such a huge variety of blends, tastes and aromas, and all at the click of a mouse. I order coffee frequently through the internet and I always make a point to record the country, blend and from whom I purchased.Well now that you know the tale of the mystical beans I hope that if in the future you are considering visiting your local coffee entrepot you recall the story of the lowly shepherd and think about just what you might be deglutition were he not to have wandered onto that bleak and lonely hillside. Why not take advantage of the internet and try the many different varieties and blends available. Not only will you impress your tastebuds, your friend s will be delightful as well.Reference http//www. streetdirectory. com/etoday/food-and-beverage-history-coepeu. html.

Asses the Extent to Which a Global economy Essay

Global delivery is the integrate realism financial system with unobstructed and liberated movement of commodities, services and employment across nationals. This terminus can not be handleed in any(prenominal) of the today content minus appreciating the value of the world(a)ization in the society (Jones, 2006, pg 95). With this, we hire to start by specify globalisation so that we may have to understand what is meant by the global rescue that the physical composition allow be discussing about in the later stage of it. Thus, globalisation is the incorporation of fabrication and utilization of conglomerate goods and services that do exist mingled with the markets realnesswide.As explained earlier on that, global delivery can not be separated for m globalisation, the papers thus can because come up with a hypothesis it paper has to canvass and then later on prove whether the hypothesis it true of false. Thus, the hypothesis of the paper is The higher the globalisatio n in the world the higher the global economy in the markets across the world. With this hypothesis in place, the paper will major in seeing on the offices in which globalisation has modify the global economy and to which extent that the economy is at present.In order to achieve all these, the paper looks forward in discussing on the extent to which this grouchy global economy exists in the society. With this, we will discuss on the history of the global economy, and then this will be followed with a handling on the way in which the globalization has affected the economy in the world, and then will later look on the stage at which the economy is at present as comp bed to the quondam(prenominal). In order to be fitted to accomplish all these, the paper has come up with some of the questions that it will major on so that to facilitate its study in global economy extent.The questions include 1. How has been the past global economy? 2. How has the globalization affected the economy all over the years? 3. How does the present global economy look like? 2. 0 Literature review Global economy is the built-in world financial system with unhindered and pundit movement of commodities, services and employment across nationals. This term can not be discussed in any of the today content minus appreciating the value of the globalisation in the society.With this, we have to start by defining globalisation so that we may have to understand what is meant by the global economy that the paper will be discussing about in the later stage of it (Jones, 2006, pg 95). Thus, globalisation is the incorporation of fabrication and utilization of various goods and services that do exist between the markets worldwide. Thus this is the basic idea of the global economy as globalisation, other than just enhancing the living style of the people across the world, it withal do enhance the economy of the nations in the world and thus determining the global economy.With this idea in mind, we can then reckon that, global economy is featured as the worldwide financial system that possesses the integrated market for all(prenominal) commodity manufactured all over the world. Thus, the global economy offers the local manufacturers with an opportunity to develop and parent their capacity of production to the worldwide level so that they can be equal to attain the world demand and be able to meet the needs of the people in the world (Dickens, 2007, pg 68).This also has assumption the local producers the chance to decide on the commodity that they want to deal with from the broad selection of the merchandise goods in the market. Other than giving the manufacturers more and dampen chances for their business, the global economy also have had an vantage to the local people, in tat it has enabled the stabilization of the costs of the items all around the world.This has also lead to the budge of works or activities as well as job from the established nations which are also cognize as the developed countries to the developing countries as income rate are seen to be reduced in this accompaniment situation. With this factors of the globalization, it has enabled the change of the global economy over the years and thus, the paper will look at the past, the effects of the globalization for its change to the present stage of the global economy, so as to enable it to be able to evaluate on the extent at which it has evolved to its present existence.2. 1 History of the Global deliverance match to Alam (2003), global economy came up as the result of the British economy going subversive and then it started to attain power and advancevely its raw material form the mineral resources that they had in place at that particular time. This usage of the raw material enabled the economy to grow fast to the extent that it was able to free the world economy from the slim possessions constrictions of an organic and the plant based economy of the world (Clark, 2007, pg 33).This resulted into the introduction of cheaper materials of which were able to be transported to the various nations in the world at cheaper cost regardless of the location. To do this, the world was able to take care the effect of the economy in which it facilitated their growth of the economy. This resulted to the economy to be split into three particles of which the first segment constituted the concentration of power together with use of the technology in relation to producers in fiddling capacity (Palmer, & Colton, 1971, pg 264).At this stage , the powerful countries such as those of Us and the prance had power over the little countries such as those in Africa and Asia in that, the powerful countries were forced to open their economies in the lees fortuned countries so as to facilitate they economy in the region. This resulted in the slow movement to the second segment of the global economy in which the other countries in Africa and Asia had started gaining power and thu s had some of the influence in the economy of the worked in such a way that they could offer the labour needed in some of the activities worldwide. 2. 2 Globalisation in Relation to Global EconomyGlobalisation over the years has been the centre of discussion whenever the issue of global economy rises up, this has been because of the reason that it is directly connected to the economy of the world as with the better relations in the world markets, it means that the business will be to the advantage and thus change magnitude the level of the economy globally. With the result of the introduction of the new technology in the nations as the result if the globalisation in the nations, it has enabled the countries to experiences the increase or even the reduction on their economy status in the unpolished (Pierre, 2000, pg 133).This has been attributed by the fact that technology has been able to facilitate the speed at which the nations relate to the other and thus, do the invention of t he computers, the nations have been able to relate with the other in amore faster way and thus change magnitude the rate at which the affect their respective economy of which usually have a fraction I the global economy as well.2. 3 The Present Global Economy In today world, the global economy has been termed as the neo-colonialism, this is the relationship between the developing countries and the advanced countries in term of their effort to act in stabilizing the economy of one another, it is mostly occurs in the result of their relationship in the business sectors (Vasquez, 2001).When we take an example of the United States together with that of the Japan, we finds out that their economy has been to the decrease side over the past time but still they have the hope to improve as regard to the fact that they are hoping for the stabilization of the world wide financial market and thus, with this, will enable them to at least remember their economic status and thus change magnitu de the power of it.The same down fall in the economy have been experienced by the developing countries have been over the years, this has been to the fact that the countries have been undergoing the interference in their financial flow which could allow then to participate fully in the growth of the economy (Browning, Halcli & Webster, 2000, pg 270). This has also been to the result of the declining of the oil as well as non-energy goods costs.None the less, with the stabilisation of their currency flow, they are anticipate to increase in their economy status. Conclusion In the finale, we can say that the global economy has been increasing over the years and this has been to the fact that the globalisation in the nations in the world has been gaining power with time overdue to the increase in the technology usage in their majority of their activities in the nations. Bibliography Alam, M. S (2003). The Global Economy since 1800.Retrieved 16th December 2008 from http//www. counterpu nch. org/alam07262003. html Browning, G. K. , Halcli, A. & Webster, F. (2000). Accepting Contemporary Humanity Theories of the Present. Pp 267-280. United Kingdom SAGE Clark, G (2007). A Departure to Alms A Concise Economic Account of the World. Pp 133-144. United States Princeton University Press Dickens, P. (2007). Global change over Relocating the Changing Shape of the World Economy, pp 65-75. New York Guildford PressJones, A. (2006). Dictionary of Globalisation, pp 90-105. United Kingdom Polity paper Palmer, R. R. & Colton, J. G. (1971). A History of the Contemporary World, pp 264. New York Knopf Publisher Pierre, J. (2000). Assessment Governance Authority, Navigation & Democracy, pp 110-137. United States Oxford University Press. Vasquez, I. (2001). have a go at it Back of a Global Financial System. Retrieved 16th December 2008 from http//www. cato. org/research/global/vas-0011. html

Alcoholism: Alcoholic Beverage and Life Essay

Why do people drink alcohol? To reduce stress, to relax, to show off, or due to peer pressure. One of all(prenominal) thirteen adult drink alcohol. According to the article FTC report cites improvement in alcohol patience self- formula, Fourteen million American suffered health, psychological, hearty, and genetics problem due to excess drunkenness of alcohol (federal backing commission). It has caused a unspoilt problem in the society. Even after executing the law of no intoxication and driving, these drinking and driving problem has been frequently seen in the society.Many people has involved in calve accident and in addition, has lost their precious life. Many people who dont drink has also been the victim of these alcoholic problem. I decided to choose alcohol habituation as my topic because I was also once a victim of alcohol. Different plans has been made in by the government and other social service organization to control the drinking dress of the person. Since i nebriety has been a serious problem in the present society, the government and other organization has been executing different laws and regulation to control it.One of the study step is establishing the renewal center. The article alcoholism and drug rehab stated that, Research studies deem found that current approaches to addiction treatment and afterc ar treats better than other. This approaches in establishing a rehab center can help a lots of citizens (Reco truly Connection). The phrases addiction treatment and after care works better refers that alcoholics rehabilitation is given more priority to the government to reduce the alcoholism. This kinds of plans are frequently executed by the government to help the citizens and to piddle safe society.Other several laws like no drinking in public areas, age regulation (drinking restriction until the person is 21 years old), ID checking mend buying liquor, sentence to time investigation to run sure that all these rules are fol lowed strictly are run by the government. all(prenominal) this above are the plans and laws used by the government to control the alcoholism. I had been a victim of alcohol by the habit drinking it excessively due to peer pressure. I was living a very luxurious live. I had a wonder job, happy family, and reputation. But one small mistake changed my life. My recall dose name Anthony bao said, Hey there is a hard drinks in our home inside cupboard. You want to try. It taste really computable. There is no one on my home right now (bao). This small incident occur when I was 16 years old. I taste the liquor that day for the first time in my life and forgot those moments for 4 years. And again I started to drink when I was with my friends. It taste sweet. I started liking it and every day I started to drink a little bit. I got habituated with it and accustom to it. I was kicked out from my house. I lost my job. yettually I started spending all the money I earned and saved. I act lik e a homeless.Nobody was willing to help me looking at my condition. I faced a lots of tump over reading the situation. In this way, I faced horrible situation due to alcohol addiction. I mortify the problem with the help of my friend who showed me the right path. He fine the way for me to be a good guy. He admitted me to the rehabilitation center, where I develop my habit and came out as a good guy. My friend name Azam khan said, This is the best I can do for you. This is one of the best place I can leave you to develop your habit (khan). He helped me in the very bad situation where I could develop into a very good person.I was first given very high centre of alcohol to drink, just eventually they reduce the amount and finally stopped it. For the first time in the life I felt good about myself. I felt like I equitable woke up from the worst dream. I appreciated my friends believe that I can be good again. When I sometimes look back to my life, I feel shame on myself. I was back to the good guy again. I showed my sobriety. Therefore, my parents forgave me, my good friends were back with me, and I got a same function job. I started living a wonderful life. During this struggle of life, I learned a valuable perplex after this incident.I went to such a terrible time in my life. I sententiously got addicted to alcohol, it harmed me for a long time, and it took me a long time to recover. I wish it was just a acerb dream. But still I am trying to for she-bop it as bitter dream. It was such a long process of recovery on the life, but I end up with learning a valuable lesson. I realize that I was living my life as a dead person. All my friends, parents, and relatives used to hate me. I was just living a disgusting life. I said to myself, orgy Such a wonderful life I am living right now. A while ago, I was hated and today I am loved by all.Thanks to god. One notable actor Brian welch, In 2005 Brians life changed when he experienced a dramatic conversion to a non-alcoholic person. He was addicted to alcohol and then sought solitude in order to cleanse himself of addiction. He credits God with his rehabilitation (welch). It was just a wonderful moment after I got dislodge of alcohol. He shared his experience about how he was sought himself and addiction. He gave a credit to the god for helping him to get rid of alcohol. He could never imagine being in that condition again. In this process of life I learn the valuable lesson that alcohol is a poison.I wish even my bad-wisher would not have to live such kind of life. After a long hard treatment, I got a positive result after the recovery within a very short time comparing to other people. Many people were surprised and happy that I recover from that world of alcohol pretty fast. One of the instructor said, I was really surprised when I saw him making a gradual progress about ignoring alcohol. Some people takes years and years to completely stop it, but I am glad he made in such short tim e of octet months. After I was released from the rehab center, I came as totally as a unfermented person and with new life.I really started appreciating that my life has been changed and everything is back to normal again. I loved the life without conflict with friends, family and no humiliation. Since I showed the positive result I was really happy. According to the casa palmera, more than 43% of people have trouble with changing the alcoholics habit within less than three years (alcohol rehabilitation statistics). This above quotation argues that fact that people in US who are send to victim of alcoholism barely show the positive change in very short period of time.It has been a serious problems for the government and many families who have been going through miserable condition due to the alcohol addiction to their family members. My family and I myself was lucky to get out of this horrible addiction in a very short period without being any late. This was one of the best feelin g I got. In this way, I showed very good result and improve myself then other people. Therefore, to share my short life with alcohol I decided to choose to write the essay about this alcohol addiction. I was lucky enough to get rid of it now and live a wonderful life.I highly appreciate the hard work and believe of my family, friends, and instructor from rehab center. I would suggest people to never, even by mistake, drink the alcohol. It ruins your life, your money, your reputation, and pretty such(prenominal) everything. People can do their part by showing sobriety, making friends after really discerning them and never falling in the trap of friend circle if they have a bad influence. credit to Alcoholism and Drug Rehab FAQs. Alcoholism Treatment and Drug Rehab Related FAQs. N. p. , 2 July 2011. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.Bao, Anthony. How I started drinking personal, 1 February 2007. 26 Feb. 2013. Federal Trade CommissionProtecting Americas Consumers. FTC Report Cites Improvements in Alcohol attention Self-Regulation. Federal Trade Commision, 9 Sept. 2009. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. Khan, Azam. How he helped me improved personal, 2 may 2008. 26 Feb. 2013. Welch, Brian. 10 Celebrities Who Overcame Their Addictions. Beliefnet. com. Beleifnet, n. d. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. 866-768-6719 Why Casa Treatments Location Admissions. Casa Palmera. N. p. , n. d. Web. 26 Feb. 2013.

Aaliyah: an Angel Back to Heaven

Aaliyah An Angel Back to Heaven When I was childlikeer, I looked up to my older sister a great deal. Anything that she did, I wanted to do. She was like my hero, or that cartoon reference work ever child wanted to go up and be like. When my sister and I were growing up, we listened to a lot of medicine and watched a lot of cartoons, but only because she wanted to. My sister, Christine, had a front-runner breast and singer. Now her rapper choice I thought was great but he wasnt my favorite. Christine, or sometimes Tine, favorite rapper was Tupac Shakur.though we did not agree on the same rapper, we did however, agree on our favorite singer together. We both chose an artist by the name of Aaliyah Dana Haughton. The first time I heard her music I fell in love. Aaliyah D. Haughton was born on January 16, 1979 in Brooklyn, New York. She was one of the best arranging artist of her time. I love her voice and her style. She wasnt the girly type of R&B singer that was for the most give seen. She had her own style and that is one of the things I loved about her. An opposite thing I loved about her is that her meter spoke truth and had real meaning.She didnt equitable make a song to try to make a hit. Aaliyah related to the emotions of her fans and connected people with her. Because of this, she was loved by so umpteen different types of people. Though Aaliyah was a beautiful and talented artist, she did not get to have a want life legacy. After shooting her last video, Rock the Boat, in the Bahamas, she got on a skim and left to head back to the U. S. On Augusta 25, 2001, that plane did not make it to the United States. Because they were in a rush to get back home, because they finished the video shoot early, they had to get on a smaller plane with all of their luggage.Instead of landing on an airway back in the states, the plane crashed close to 200 meters away from where it took off. The plane crashed killed everyone aboard, including my favorite singer Aa liyah. My sister came home and turned on the television. Thats when I saw it. I saw the plane burnt to black ash and people make clean up the debris. The headline flashed, Aaliyah killed in plane crash. I was so heart broken. I couldnt moot she was gone. I felt like I lost apart of me. Ever since that day, I never had a favorite singer. I felt like that place was reserved for her.People around the world knew she was special. They said she was just an angel here for a short time. She had to be sent back to heaven. This tragedy made a great impact on my life. It made me realize that even at a young age, commayou could leave-taking this world. I have three older sisters but I only spent time act to get close to one. That was my sister Christine, who I looked up to the most. After this accident, I started to bond more with my other two sisters. With this I also begin to bond more with my nieces, nephews, parents, and my younger cousins.Though Aaliyah was not a part of my own famil y, I felt like she was a family member I lost. She did more than entertain with her music. She was a role model for me. I loved her poise, her style, the way she talked, and just even the things she was about. even out though I did not know her personally by meeting her, I felt like I knew a great deal about her from her music and the things I use to read about her. Even though I was only eight years old when Aaliyah died, it impacted my life a great deal. Though I did not get to meet her personally, her death made me realize things at a young age.Of course I knew that everyone was to die, but that would happen when they were real old. It never occurred to me that young people died everyday until her death. Even at a very young age, it made me realize, though it had been preached in church, that everyday is not promised. When I started to bond with my family more, there were less problems and more laughter. I even helped my mothers and fathers side of the family bond more. This has changed my life greatly, because I have such a great support brass now. Though her death was a tragedy, it brought joy into my life and my family.

The Boston Photographs

The Boston Photographs In The Boston Photographs by Nora Ephron, Ephron used most of the magazine report about the replys of the many readers every last(predicate) over the nation and world whom were shocked by the pictures that were create in their local newspapers. She should have used most of the time writing about the day when the casualty happened. By doing this, it would have affected peck a lot more than seeing the bad of it.In say the facts, Ephron only provides factual information such as whom took the picture, what the picture is about, what type of camera he used, and what a variety of newspapers all over the nation did with the pictures. Ephron dedicates a large amount of writing telling the reactions to the photographs by first expressing her own reaction to the pictures and accordingly in detail the reactions of readers and publishers whom published the set of pictures in their newspapers.Ephron gives a small amount of writing to editors and their defense of th e photographs. Ephron only explains how several editors wrote columns def supplanting the pictures. For Ephrons own analysis she dedicates a very large part to explaining her analysis of the pictures and the people reactions of the create of the pictures and her views on the treatment of publishing such pictures for the general public. Ephron explains how the phone calls, letters, and Seibs own reaction, were occasioned by one factor, which was the death of a woman.She explains how everyones reaction to the picture would have been different if the caption said that the women didnt die or the tike was killed instead because the picture would always be the same, but everyones reaction would be different. In the end Ephron explains how newspaper editors atomic number 18 afraid to publish such pictures such as the Boston pictures because they fear the reaction of the people and so they continue censoring such pictures.In my opinion, Ephron stabilities these numerous perceptions in n ot such a good style of writing because she doesnt provide an equal amount of words for each linear perspective and what needs to be addressed by each point of view and the importance of each view. I think if she spent more time giving equal opportunity to each perspective so that there is a balance in information that is being presented by each viewpoint then her essay would be a whole lot stronger and I would think that it would be less opinionated.In tuition this essay I kind of wanted to know more about the peoples reaction as well as how numerous editors defended the photographs and the outcomes of those editors defending the publishing of those photos. For example, when the author says The photographs are indeed sensational. They are pictures of death in action, of that split second when luck runs out, and it is impossible to look at them without feeling their extraordinary impact and remembering, in an almost subconscious way, the morbid fantasy of falling, falling, off a b uilding, falling to ones death (Ephron 657).This quote proves that the author uses her opinions rather other people opinions. Also, by using her opinions, her form of writing is not strong. If she used other peoples thoughts with her beliefs, then her writing would be strong enough to back up the information she is trying to present. I disagree with the author, because she doesnt use vivid examples throughout the story. She should have written more about the special incident that happened and how everyone mat about it.Instead, she wrote who took the picture, what the picture is about, what type of camera the person used, and what did all the newspaper companys all over the nation did with the pictures. For example, when the author says The pictures were taken by Stanley Forman, thirty, of the Boston Herald American. He used a motor-driven Nikon F set at 1/250, f 5. 6-8. Because of the motor, the camera can click off triad frames a second (Ephron 657). The author should have not pu t this information in the story, because is it unnecessary in the story, and does not belong in the story.The article makes me think about the incident that happened to the world trade heart on 9/11, because it reminds me of people that had to go through the whole attack and how they felt about it. It is akin(predicate) to The Boston Photographs, because the photos where published in the newspaper. After the 9/11 attack, seeing the photos on the front page, people went insane just as in The Boston Photographs. Works cited Ephron, Nora. The Boston Photographs. The Norton Reader An Anthology of Nonfiction. New York W. W. Norton & Co, 2012.

Terrorism Preparedness & Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Terrorism Preparedness & Response - Essay archetypeCargo departments allowTo disrupt organisations further, suspects allow for be put under surveillance and an intelligence force, whose cogitate is on detection of terrorist crime and law enforcement will infiltrate all areas of US society- from the workplace to association organizations- to assay information and reveal terrorist activities. As stated in The White House Paper, Prevent and break up Terrorist Attacks , fairness enforcement officials, therefore, must continue to identify and address sources of violent extremism in the Homeland (1) The authorities will everywherely gain control over terrorist funding and financing- freezing accounts and retrieving terrorist-linked funds.2) Deny weapon of mass destruction to Rogue States and Terrorist ally Who try to Use Them. States, and terrorist allies, that are viewed as a threat to global peace will be denied WMD with the implementation of the Proliferation Security Initiativ e. As terrorism is a worldwide problem, nations must act in unity. under(a) the initiative, over seventy nations are joining forces to prevent the incubus of any shipments which may be committed with weapons of mass destruction. This covers all means of transporting weapon related goods. Again, screening and detection of dangerous cargo is paramount. This foreign unified network will disrupt transportation of WMD. Key areas to be vigilant over import and exportation of goods are Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Afghanistan, amongst others.3) Deny Terrorists the S... As stated in The White House Paper, Prevent and Disrupt Terrorist Attacks ,Law enforcement officials, therefore, must continue to identify and address sources of violent extremism in the Homeland (1) The authorities will also gain control over terrorist funding and financing- freezing accounts and retrieving terrorist-linked funds.2) Deny WMD to Rogue States and Terrorist Allies Who Seek to Use Them. States, and terrorist all ies, that are viewed as a threat to global peace will be denied WMD with the implementation of the Proliferation Security Initiative. As terrorism is a worldwide problem, nations must act in unity. Under the initiative, over seventy nations are joining forces to prevent the cargo of any shipments which may be connected with weapons of mass destruction. This covers all means of transporting weapon related goods. Again, screening and detection of dangerous cargo is paramount. This international unified network will disrupt transportation of WMD. Key areas to be vigilant over importation and exportation of goods are Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Afghanistan, amongst others.3) Deny Terrorists the Support and Sanctuary of Rogue States. Firstly, we must pass with each state. Some will be reluctant to comply yet may be persuaded to reconcile the sponsorship of terrorism. Others states will be willing to work with the US. 3.Fragile states may be strengthened and enabled by an pact with the US to stop their support of terrorists. The aim will also be to change terrorist states into allies. Where terrorists may seek sanctuary, we will also seek and destroy. Our intelligence forces will be searching and eliminating any terrorist sanctuary. These same forces will infiltrate terrorist groups and destroy the

Australian national cinema is primarily government-supported, with Essay

Australian national cinema is primarily government-supported, with peculiar(a) infrastructure and with a small population. Discuss k - Essay ExampleThis inconsistency is evident from the knock magnate results which showed that since 1995, the local box sourices taken by homegrown has rarely gone beyond basketball team percent. Ginnane (2009) suggests that the key to a successful aim industry and ample percentage of the Australian box office (minimum of 10%) is the number of titles totaling to more than five million dollars box office every year. To attain this, it is essential for domestic filmmakers to uphold a trend of stable growth to bring about some placard of economic self sufficiency in the domestic film industry. Various issues are associated with developing, reinforcement and sustaining a national film industry. This essay will focus on these issues in the context of the Australian film industry. In order to develop a large scale national film production, a res pub lica needs to secure a secure domestic distribution base that has headspring developed order of battle circuits. Litwak (2003) suggested that the major impediment facing most filmmakers is how to secure distribution for their motion pictures. Without a secure distribution, the likeliness of a profitable return on investment in film production is nonexistent. OReagan (1996) argued that Australian cinema needs to interest different agents such as cinema marketers, producers and critics so as to sympathise the purposes and ends of the Australian films. Distributing films is one of the challenges that most filmmakers face once a film has been completed. Finding an audition locally and internationally can be resolved by a secure distribution. The objectives of the federal regulatory and fiscal support in Australia have always been strengthened by a cultural as well as a commercial mandate. Cones (2010) points out that in case a film successfully acquires a distributor, the producer s makes every efforst to cooperate with the distributor to come up with the most favorable release pattern in all pertinent constraints. The scope of distribution progressively expands, adding theaters and cities to meet demand as the film meets is audience base. This means that a country needs to secure a domestic distribution base for developing, supporting and sustaining a national film industry. The second most important aspect in developing, supporting and sustaining a national film industry is to understand people viewing habits, the kind of movies that they want to view. The Marketing beginning of the Australian Film Commission (1999) highlighted that it did not find as much support for alternative films or specialist as it did few years ago. According to the commission, the younger generation who were used to start off being involved with those alternative films at the university level no lifelong frequented foreign movies any longer and they alike preferred the bigger fi lms. A survey conducted by Roy Morgan Research (2010) on Australian films, documentaries and pretended television revealed that fiction television viewership is driven by strong existing personal preferences and passive factors cover dependable repeat viewership. Most of the Australians experienced high levels of satisfaction with the Australian screen content even they did not enjoy screen content because of aspects related with badly written and unbelievable writing and also slow, boring and non entertainment across documentary formats, feature films and television fiction. O Reagan (1996) argued that Australian cinema- like those of other(a) countries- is more effectively understood as a set of processes rather than as a primordial

Systems Analysis and Design Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Systems Analysis and physical body - Case Study ExampleTo identify if the migration succeeded, the primary step is evaluating database values between new and nonagenarian systems, a test called a parallel type of test. The finishing success is the acceptance test, performing agate line operations, as salubrious as processes effectively (Satzinger, Jackson & Burd, 2012).The system leave alone develop in any iteration. Integration interrogation shall be done as go of every iteration. The first system testing allow be done in each iteration as a part of the ca-ca and smoke testing that is done. Nevertheless, a complete system testing will be conducted as part of a separate system as well as acceptance test activity. Now that consolidation testing along with build and smoke testing is conducted in each iteration, at the stand out end, there shall be the definition of a testing iteration to finalize system testing. In this final iteration, the hobby will take place. System t esting, acceptance testing and stress and performance testing (Satzinger, Jackson & Burd, 2012).Q1. ground on Figure 14-6the XP methodology divide your use cases into releases and iterations within each release. Develop a project iteration plan that includes the necessary activities at each level (system, release, iteration) for integration testing and acceptance testing. equation your answer to this question to the project iteration plan you developed for Chapter 9.This system is used by ruminative media agents who rarely are in their offices and the media managers who work frequently in their offices. Therefore, the use cases that mostly apply to media managers will work well on larger computers with screens and keyboards. Some use cases, especially those for view the contemplative practices, will work well for notepads and laptops as well as for smartphone devices (Satzinger, Jackson & Burd, 2012).The entire use cases as well as pages that view practices would be improved if m ap and location information are provided. This will hasten both customers and

Ethics and Global Warming Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Ethics and world(prenominal) Warming - Assignment ExampleThis study volition illustrate how the ethical analysis and evaluation push aside help to realize the nature of climate problem and restriction on potential solutions. In shape to do so, the study will concentrate on how the climate change threatens the essential value. Moreover, this study will chivvy serious concerns of responsibility and fairness.Global Climate Change and Ethical Action ChallengesGlobal climate change is most serious challenge towards ethical deed. Climate change bath be describe as the appropriate moral storm as it brings several key challenges to the ethical action. Climate change is truly a global phenomenon. Emission of green domiciliate sploshes is the major consequence of global warming. This greenhouse gas emission is affecting the planet. Increasing greenhouse gas emission can increase the average step forward temperature of globe. It is true that all countries in the world argon collabora tively trying to reduce the level of green house gas emission, but on individual basis, each country prefers to continue greenhouse gas emitting. some(prenominal) unethical business practices and increasing green house gas emission is one of the major reasons shag the global climate change. Therefore, it is important for all the countries and states to minimize the harmfulness of the climate change in set out to save future global generation. Emission of green house gases should be reduced significantly as soon as possible (Jamieson, 1992). Moreover, it is the responsibility of the developed countries to take serious initiatives so that other countries and states can follow the pathway.... Emission of this greenhouse gas is contributing to contradict impacts on climate for centuries. It is unfair if these negative impacts are cumulative and severe. Moreover, temporal diffusion can create several collective ethical action problems. It is more challenging comparing to the common t raditional tragedy. Underdeveloped theoretical tools in several pertinent areas, such as intergenerational ethics, international justice, scientific uncertainty and strong relationship between nature and human being is another significant challenge to the ethical actions. For an example, global climate change can raise questions about the moral value of several apelike natures, such as obligations to protect unique place, nonhuman animals and rest of the nature. In addition, potentiality for catastrophic results and existence of scientific uncertainty put pressures internally on several standard and effective economic approaches to several environmental problems. Moreover, these will play an important mapping in the arguments for the defensive approach in the environmental policy and law. Global climate change is nip and tuck several questions about how an individual should relate to the nature and nonhuman animals. Addressing Global Climate Change environmental damage has beco me one of the most important global threats. Heating up atmosphere receivable to deadly methane and carbon dioxide gas emission is affecting modern day civilization. Majority of the individuals feel that espousal of the global warming is a natural phenomenon. On the other hand, according to various environmental scientists, global climate change is the major consequence of global warming. Several unethical and irresponsible human activities are major key drivers of global

The Most Significant Political Development Essay

The Most Significant form _or_ system of government-making Development - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that the issue of civil wars has ailed the international states for quite a real long time. The civil wars emanate from several causes. Some of these causes are preventable. However, a anatomy of the sources f such civil wars are indefinite. This follows that the major forces behind such causes of the civil wars may be unable to understandably define what their interests are. Instead, they conduct such criminal activities with the aim of getting international. Several criminal groupings deport ailed or so governments in the world for instance Al Qaeda and Taliban.This paper makes a conclusion that the wars in Syria have also incorporated massive use of chemical weapons that have led to the deaths of a large number of individuals. This has massively affected the foreign policy of the United States of America. It is in order to note that the foreign policy of the United Stat es is always based on peace to the uttermost end. In this perspective, the United States always agonist the use of peace in solving any international dispute, was as well as conflicts. However, in situations where the use of peace is unsuccessful, the United State always employ other means. The civil wars experienced in Syria, being a threat to the United States foreign policy, may likely lead to a win over in the United States foreign policy in several ways. These threats can make the United States spa to other means that function in a slightly different manner to sole he conflicts.

Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Term Paper ExampleThis paper examines these challenges and how they have impacted on the organization.One of the most challenging facets of organizations today is the need to remain responsible and ethical in their headache activities. The past few years have seen many multinationals, big companies, and global association grapple with the issues of unethical behavior. Unethical behavior refers to activities that deviate from the accepted norms, laws, and standards that guide business processes (Blowfield, and Murray, 2014). Essentially, businesses are expected to behave responsibly by acting in a manner that promotes the interests of various stakeholders such as employees, owners, government, and the wider ordination. However, some organizations obtain it hard to remain ethical and responsible due to the inability to manage all their huge resources in an efficient way (Crane & Matten, 2010). As such, an irresponsible business on the other hands is matchless that is relate in dish onest business practices, for instance through concealing or deliberately ignoring issues to do with the environment, employees, customers, and the wider society (Blowfield, and Murray, 2014). The most common form of unethical problem that most big companies and associations face is corruption.The International fusion of Football Associations (FIFA) provides a good example of a large organization that has had a rough cadence dealing with the unethical problem of corruption. FIFA is the body charged with managing football or soccer globally, which is the most touristed sport in the world (Skinner & Edwards, 2006). The organization is an amalgamation of various football associations and confederations representing different countries. As such, it is one of the biggest organizations in the world today. FIFA has vast amounts of resources, hence generating a lot of global interest from different parties

Responses - focused - adequete detail- clear point of view Essay

Responses - focused - adequete detail- clear point of view - Essay ExampleInstead, he is offered Celie by her stepfather. He resents her as she is not his first choice and therefore treats her as a slave.Celies bread and butter consists of caring for Alberts poorly behaved children and tending to his unkempt home. She is raped and beaten on a rule-governed basis. Because of this level of abuse, Celie reverts into a state of intimately silence and withdrawal. She has really never known anything other than hardship, abuse, antiquated dominance and rape. Unfortunately, these events are frequent and seem normal to her Celie as it is all she has ever known. A descent of strength for Celie however, is her close friendship with her sister Nettie. In fact, Nettie comes to fuck with Celie and Albert for a time. During this time, Nettie and Celie share and enjoy a close sisterhood where Nettie teaches Celie to read. Albert however, consistently attempts to force himself on Nettie just as he does with Celie. Eventually, Nettie angers Albert when she rejects him. This causes Albert to throw Nettie come forward of the house which then separates the close sisters from one another.Celie is able to find closeness with another individual when Shug Avery comes to live with Albert and Celie. Shug is centrifugal in showing Celie how to find strength and acceptance within herself. Celie shares a close and almost romantic kinship with Shug but ultimately, Celie blossoms into a woman of tremendous character despite her terrible and unfortunate childhood and youth.Margaret Atwood has written several works in her career as a great essayist, which seek the concept of identity as well as loss of self. The two works in peculiar(prenominal) which depict such concepts and events are titled Great Unexpectations and Travels Back. The first work, Great Unexpectations is actually an autobiographical forward where Atwood discusses her origins as a writer as well as her fears surroundin g writing as a woman. Atwood points out the clich of writers

2 page biography of Jeremy Bentham and his contribution to the study Essay

2 page biography of Jeremy Bentham and his parting to the study of Ethics - Essay ExampleBentham was a great activist who advocated political and economic freedom. He pioneered various political movements that lobbied for the abolition of slavery, legal use of the death penalty, and physical punishment. Political radical ideas good by Bentham lobbied for separation of church systems from the state, freedom of expression for all citizens, divorce rights, gender equity, and animal rights. However, Bentham hostile natural rights and law but favored individual legal rights for all citizens (Becker and Becker 137).Bentham mentored several students during his epoch as a teacher and researcher. Some of Benthams great students included James Mill, James Stuart Mill, James capital of Texas, and Robert Owen. His students in any case developed into great theorists for instance Robert Owen become the founder of Utopian socialism while John Austin remained as the famous legal philosopher.Bent ham, who attended Westminster school at the tender age of 12 in 1760, existed as a child prodigy. He started studying Latin at the age of three and preferent reading England history books. Bentham, who was the brother to Samuel Bentham, completed his Bachelors degree at Queens college in 1763. Bentham obtained his masters degree in 1766 at Queens college. He upright law in college though he never represented persons in courts of law. He reportedly detested English legal code and named it Demon of Chicane.Bentham loved chemistry and spent most of his time conducting chemical experiments and speculating theories relating to legal abuses. His interest in chemistry angered his father who knew that he would develop into a renowned intelligent lord chancellor amongst English courts of law. Due to great interest in sciences, Jeremy Bentham prosecute physical science studies and started research on suppositions that had a relationship with politics and law. Research on suppositions col ligate to law and politics

Do we live in a death denying culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Do we buy the farm in a death denying culture - Essay ExampleDeath is something that is natural and nobody great deal stop it. When the time comes all of us have to go and the sooner we lead this fact, the more at ease we will be. We do not teach our children ab step up death and it is something that the children learn themselves, when they experience a death of a loved one or through their experience of the world.We can say that we bouncing in a death denying culture. There may be a few exceptions where people accept death and greet it with open arms when it comes otherwise majority of the people are scared of it the problems, the diseases and the plagues that it brings with it.The construct of death has changed with time. During the Middle Ages people accepted death more easily and with tranquility. It was considered shameful to die dead the concept of submissive death was common among these times. People wanted to prepare for their deaths and for this they needed time, thus the tame death was what everybody wanted for themselves. Also, friends and family would gather around to offer their support and prayers.At this time people believed that the person entered sleep-like state to peacefully await salvation. It was believed that the dead person slept tranquilly during this period in a garden of flowers (Moller, 1996). Cemeteries were built far away from towns and cities as people were scared in the presence of the dead. The cemeteries slowly locomote into the Churchyard as towns spread, but only the people who the Church recognized as virtuous or holy could be buried there. One very interesting fact was that to make space for the dead, the aging graves were dug up and the bones were removed. As more time went by, the cemeteries became an attraction to the people more people met up there and started living around the area. This was because the population started to grow and there was not exuberant space for housing. People started to be less scared of death and could be around it for a chronic period of time. Many theories and patterns of death evolved tame death being the first. The second patter was that of the death of self. An case-by-cases acts, during this time, were categorized as good or bad and people had the ability to choose which path they will follow. The interest of the devil and the angel were brought into consideration and the records that they kept were evaluated when a person died. Based on there records, an individual was either sent to heaven or hell. In the fifteenth century, the concept of the day of final opinion emerges. The salvation of a persons soul was now to be determined by the act of death alternatively than the acts of life. Dying a good death became the key to salvation. (Moller, 1996)According to this concept, a good death was when a person died while praying and if during the dying process if the dying person was tempted by the devil his death was to be damned. The main different betwee n the two concepts then becomes the difference between universal salvation and individual judgment. During the sixteenth century, the plague happened and people realized that death could come at any time without them well-read it. Thus, at this time it became more important to do whatever a person had set out to achieve in life, so that when death does actually knock on the persons door, he has no regrets. This direct people to develop calmness